Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Separation of Substances.

THIS PAGE INCLUDES :

- CHAPTER OVERVIEW -
These Topics are covered in NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Separation of Substances.
# Pure Substances.
# Homogeneous mixtures.
# Heterogenous mixtures.
# Heterogenous mixtures.
# Methods of Separation.
# Handpicking.
# Threshing.
# Winnowing.
# Sieving.
# Sedimentation.
# Decantation.
# Filtration.
# Evaporation.
# Condensation.
# Churning.

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Which includes :-
# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Explanation.
# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Important Questions.

# NCERT Solutions :
Class 6 Science Chapter 3 NCERT Solutions are completely based on NCERT Book for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Separation of Substances. These NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Separation of Substances contains Answers and detailed explanation of Questions talked about in NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Separation of Substances. Here we suggest you to go through these Class 6th Science Chapter 3 NCERT Solutions thoroughly to strengthen you understanding about this Chapter of Class 6 Science.NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Q1.
Q1. Why do we need to separate different components of a mixture? Give two examples.
Ans. When two or more substances are mixed together they form a mixture. Components of a mixture should be separated because some components may not be useful or may spoil the useful component of the mixture.
E.g.
(a) Tea leaves are separated from the liquid with a strainer while preparing tea.
(b) Removal of stone pieces from wheat, rice or pulses by hand before eating.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Q2.
Q2. What is winnowing? Where is it used?
Ans. The method of separating the components from a mixture is known as winnowing. In this method, heavier and lighter components of a mixture are separated by wind or by blowing air. This method is used by farmers to separate lighter husk particles from heavier seeds of grain.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Q3.
Q3. How will you separate husk or dirt particles from a given sample of pulses before cooking?
Ans. Husk and dirt particles are separated from pulses by winnowing as they are lighter in weight so they can easily fly away.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Q4.
Q4. What is sieving? Where is it used?
Ans. Sieving is a method in which fine particles are sieved through holes of the sieve while the bigger impurities remain on the sieve. Sieving is used in a flour mill to separate impurities like husk and stones from wheat before grinding it. It is also used at construction sites to separate pebbles and stones from sand.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Q5.
Q5. How will you separate sand and water from their mixture?
Ans. Sand and water are separated from their mixture by the following steps :
(a) The mixture is allowed to stand without any disturbances.
(b) Now sand settles down.
(c) Slowly pour the water into another container to obtain sand in the bottom.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Q6.
Q6. Is it possible to separate sugar mixed with wheat flour? If yes, how will you do it?
Ans. Yes it is possible to separate sugar mixed with wheat flour by the following method :
(a) Mix sugar and wheat flour in water.
(b) Stir the solution to allow sugar to dissolve.
(c) Now filter the mixture.
(d) Filtrate contains sugar solution and residue will be wheat flour.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Q7.
Q7. How would you obtain clear water from a sample of muddy water?
Ans. The following process should be carried out to obtain clear water from muddy water :
(a) Allow muddy water to stand.
(b) Mud gets settled down in the water.
(c) Slowly pour water to another container.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Q8.
Q8. Fill up the blanks.
(a) The method of separating seeds of paddy from its stalks is called Threshing .
(b) When milk, cooled after boiling, is poured onto a piece of cloth the cream (malai) is left behind on it. This process of separating cream from milk is an example of Filtration .
(c) Salt is obtained from seawater by the process of Evaporation .
(d) Impurities settled at the bottom when muddy water was kept overnight in a bucket. The clear water was then poured off from the top. The process of separation used in this example is called Decantation .
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Q9.
Q9. True or false?
(a) A mixture of milk and water can be separated by filtration.
Ans. False
(b) A mixture of powdered salt and sugar can be separated by the process of winnowing.
Ans. False
(c) Separation of sugar from tea can be done with filtration.
Ans. False
(d) Grain and husk can be separated with the process of decantation.
Ans. False
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Q10.
Q10. Lemonade is prepared by mixing lemon juice and sugar in water. You wish to add ice to cool it. Should you add ice to the lemonade before or after dissolving sugar? In which case would it be possible to dissolve more sugar?
Ans. Ice should be added to lemonade after dissolving sugar. It is possible to add more sugar before adding ice.

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# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Important Questions.


# Chapter Notes :
Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Separation of Substances Notes pdf which includes Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Separation of Substances Notes. These Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Notes pdf are completely based on NCERT Book for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Separation of Substances. These notes contains detailed explanation of 6th class science Chapter 3 - Separation of Substances. I suggest you to go through these Notes to strengthen you understanding about this Chapter of Class 6 Separation of Substances.Class 6 Science Chapter 3 notes.

Here at MSEducator.in you get Complete FREE Study Material for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Separation of Substances.
Which includes :-
# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Explanation.
# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Important Questions.


# Extra Questions :
Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Extra Questions are completely based on NCERT Book for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Separation of Substances. These Extra Questions contains detailed explanation or Definition of some Terms talked about in NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Separation of Substances. You also get some short questions and long questions regarding Chapter 3 - Separation of Substances of class 6 Science and Some Value Based Questions regarding NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Separation of Substances. Here we suggest you to go through these Class 6th Science Chapter 3 Extra Questions to strengthen you understanding about this Chapter of Class 6 Science.
# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Definitions :
Q. Define Pure Substances.
Ans. Many substances around us contain only one type of constituent particles. Elements and compounds are pure substances.
E.g. Iron, Copper, Salt, etc.
Q. Define Mixtures.
Ans. A mixture is a material made up of two or more different substances, which are mixed but are not combined chemically.
E.g. Air is a mixture of many gases like nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, dust particles, etc.
Q. Define Homogeneous Mixtures.
Ans. The mixtures in which the particles of the substances present cannot be seen are called homogeneous mixtures.
E.g. Mixture of sugar and water, air, etc.
Q. Define Heterogeneous Mixtures.
Ans. The mixtures in which particles of the substances present can be seen easily are called heterogeneous mixtures.
E.g. Mixture of water in oil, dust in air, etc.
Q. Define Handpicking.
Ans. Handpicking is a method of separation used to separate large sized impurities like pieces of dirt, stone, and husk from wheat, rice or pulses. This method is used when the quantity of impurities is usually not very large.
Q. Define Threshing.
Ans. Threshing is the process of beating stalks to separate the grains from the harvested crop. It is done manually by farmers, or by threshing machines.
Q. Define Winnowing.
Ans. Winnowing is the method of separation used to separate heavier and lighter components of a mixture by wind or by blowing air. Normally, this is used to separate husk from grains.
Q. Define Sieving.
Ans. Sieving is a method of separation in which the mixture is passed through a filter or a sieve. The larger particles do not pass through the filter, and hence collect on the sieve. The finer particles flow past the sieve and can be collected below.
E.g. Sieving of wheat flour, sieving of sand at construction sites.
Q. Define strainer.
Ans. Strainer is a kind of sieve which is used to separate a liquid from solid.
Q. Define Sedimentation.
Ans. When the heavier component in a mixture settles after water is added to it, the process is called sedimentation. This method is used in separating grains from dust and soil.
Q. Define Coagulation.
Ans. The process of adding a chemical substance to help the suspended solid particles in a liquid to form a sediment is called Coagulation.
E.g. Alum is added in dirt water to make its dirt particles heavier to settled down.
Q. Define Decantation.
Ans. Decantation is the process, done after sedimentation that involves removing the water, along with the impurities.
Q. Define Filtration.
Ans. Filtration is the process of passing the mixture through a filter to remove the solid particles from the fluid components of the mixture. For instance, if we pass muddy water through a fine filter, we can notice that the mud gets filtered and the water passes through.
Q. Define Evaporation.
Ans. The process of conversion of water into its vapour is called evaporation. The process of evaporation takes place continuously wherever water is present.
E.g. This process is used to get salt from sea water.
Q. Define Condensation.
Ans. The process of conversion of water vapour into its liquid form due to contact with a cooler surface is called condensation.
E.g. Formation of water droplets on a metallic lid, while boiling water.
Q. Define Churning/Centrifugation.
Ans. It is also called Centrifugation of a homogenous mixture to separate its particles. It is the process of separation of the lighter particles of a suspended solid from a liquid.
E.g. To obtain butter from the curd or milk.
Q. Define Solution.
Ans. A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.
In such a mixture, a solute is a substance dissolved in another substance, known as a solvent.
Q. Define Saturated solution.
Ans. A solution in which no more soluble substance can be dissolved at room temperature is called saturated solution.
E.g. A saturated solution of salt in water is that in which no more salt can be dissolved. This added salt will just sediment down to the bottom of the vessel.
Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Extra Questions.

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# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Explanation.
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# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Very Short Answer Questions :
Q. Name the method used to separate cream from curd.
Ans. Centrifugation.
Q. How will you separate mango from a mixture of mango and apple?
Ans. By Handpicking.
Q. You are given a mixture of salt and sand. Can you separate them by picking?
Ans. No, we cannot separate them by picking.
Q. Name the method used to separate the pieces of stone from grain.
Ans. Handpicking.
Q. How can you separate grains from stalk?
Ans. By threshing.
Q. Name the process of separating two immiscible liquids.
Ans. By using separating funnel or by decantation.
Q. Which substance is used for loading?
Ans. Alum (Phitkari).
Q. What is the use of alum in loading?
Ans. Alum is used to make the sedimentation faster. Bv adding alum the clay particles settle down rapidly.
Q. Which process is used to separate bacteria from water?
Ans. Boiling
Q. What is the effect of temperature on solubility?
Ans. Solubility increases when the increase in temperature takes place.
Q. Which method is used to separate two liquids that do not mix with each other?
Ans. Separating funnel.
Q. What types of material can we separate by using handpicking?
Ans. The materials having different size, shape and colour can be separated by handpicking.
Q. Name the other methods used to separate solid materials of different size.
Ans. Sieving.
Q. Name the process used to separate heavier and lighter components of a mixture.
Ans. Winnowing.
Q. Can Winnowing be used if both the components have same weight?
Ans. No, this method cannot be used.
Q. Name the method by which we get salt from ocean/sea water.
Ans. Evaporation.
Q. Write opposite process of evaporation.
Ans. Condensation.
Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Extra Questions.

Here at MSEducator.in you get Complete FREE Study Material for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Separation of Substances.
Which includes :-
# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Explanation.
# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Important Questions.


# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Short Answer Questions :
Q. Why their is a need to separate substances?
Ans. Before we use any substance, we separate non-useful substances that may be mixed with it because –
(a) To remove the unwanted or harmful component.
(b) To obtain the useful component.
(c) To remove impurities for getting a pure sample.
Q. What are the various methods of separation of Mixtures?
Ans.
Methods of Separation are :
1. Handpicking
2. Threshing
3. Winnowing
4. Sedimentation
5. Decantation
6. Filtration
7. Evaporation
8. Condensation
Q. When is the handpicking method preferred to separation?
Ans. Handpicking can be used to separate the un-useful components of a mixture only when they are easily visible and are in smaller quantities.
Q. What is filtration? Explain how can muddy water be cleaned using this process?
Ans. A process where funnel fixed with filter paper is used, and dirty water passes through the funnel. Mud gets trapped in filter paper and clean water passes into the beaker.
Q. Where is decantation used? Give two examples.
Ans.
(a) Decantation is used to separate insoluble solids or liquid from liquid. Rain water is a mixture of mud and water. It is purified by decantation.
(b) Oil and water also get separated by this method because oil floats up.
Q. What is saturated solution?
Ans. The solution in which no more solute can be dissolved is called saturated solution.
Q. Both Sarika and Mohan were asked to make salt solution. Sarika was given a teaspoonful of salt and half a glass of water, whereas Mohan was given twenty teaspoons full of salt and half a glass of water.
(a) How would they make salt solutions?
(b) Who would be able to prepare saturated solution?
Ans.
(a) They will mix salt with water to make salt solution.
(b) Mohan’s solution would be saturated because in Mohan’s case some salt would remain undissolved and settle at the bottom of the glass.
Q. What do you mean by solubility?
Ans. The maximum mass of a solute that can be dissolved in 100 g of the solvent at any specific temperature is called solubility.
Q. Why does visibility increase after rains?
Ans. After rains, the objects at a distance are seen more clearly, because the fine dust particles that were present in air settle down due to loading by rain drops.
Q. What is the difference between evaporation and condensation?
Ans. The process of conversion of water into its vapour is called evaporation. The process of conversation of water vapour into its liquid form is called condensation.
Q. How will you separate oil and water from their mixture?
Ans. Oil, being lighter than water, will float on it. Two distinct layers are formed and slowly oil is allowed to flow into another container and is separated from water. Separating funnel can also be used to separate the two.
Q. Give one example of sieving used in everyday life.
Ans. Separation of barn (choker) from flour.
Q. How will you separate the mixtures of Grass, pebbles and sand?
Ans. Sieving to separate grass and stones, from sand. Later stones can be hand picked from grass.
Q. How will you separate the mixtures of water, sand, salt and iron fillings?
Ans. Magnet is used to pick iron nails, sand and salty water separates by sedimentation, salt is separated by evaporation, finally water received by condensation.
Q. Why Ice is added to lemonade after dissolving the sugar.
Ans. As solubility decreases with decreases in temperature
Q. Why water droplets appears under a lid of the kettle used for boiling water.
Ans. As condensation occurs on touching the cold lid
Q. Sheela, Saima and Ravi have to dissolve maximum amount of sugar in the same amount of milk so as to win in a game. Ravi took hot boiling milk while Saima took ice cold milk. Sheela managed to get milk at room temperature. Whom do you think would win the game and why?
Ans. Milk at higher temperature would dissolve more sugar so Ravi would win the game.
Q. Name and describe briefly a method which can be helpful in separating a mixture of husk from grains. What is the principle of this method?
Ans. Winnowing. This method is based on the principle that the lighter particles are carried away by the wind.
Q. You are provided with a mixture of salt, sand, oil and water. Write the steps involved for the separation of salt, sand and oil from the mixture by giving an activity along with the diagram.
Ans.
(a) Decantation – to separate oil
(b) Filtration – to separate sand
(c) Evaporation – to separate salt
Q. A mixture of iron nails, salt, oil and water is provided to you. Give stepwise methods to separate each component from this mixture?
Ans.
(a) Iron nails – hand picking/magnet.
(b) Oil – decantation.
(c) Salt, water – evaporation and condensation.
Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Extra Questions.

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# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Explanation.
# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Important Questions.


# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Long Answer Questions :
Q. What is a Mixtures? Write its types and various methods of separation of components from their mixture.
Ans. A mixture is a material made up of two or more different substances, which are mixed but are not combined chemically.
E.g. Air is a mixture of many gases like nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, dust particles, etc.
Types of Mixtures are :
Homogeneous Mixtures : The mixtures in which the particles of the substances present cannot be seen are called homogeneous mixtures.
E.g. Mixture of sugar and water, air, etc.
Heterogeneous Mixtures : The mixtures in which particles of the substances present can be seen easily are called heterogeneous mixtures.
E.g. Mixture of water in oil, dust in air, etc.
Methods of Separation :
1. Handpicking
2. Threshing
3. Winnowing
4. Sedimentation
5. Decantation
6. Filtration
7. Evaporation
8. Condensation
Q. What are the effect of temperature on a saturated solution?
Ans. The effect of temperature on a saturated solution are :
(i) When a saturated solution is heated to a higher temperature, then it becomes unsaturated because the solubility of solute increases with increase in temperature of the solution.
(ii) When a saturated solution is cooled to a lower temperature, then some of the dissolved solute separates out in the form of solid crystal because the solubility of solute decreases on cooling the solution.
Q. Explain the method that can be used for separating the following mixture:
(a) Sand and husk
(b) Wheat, sugar and stalk
(c) Water and petrol
(d) Rice and salt
(e) Sand and salt
Ans.
(a) Mixture of sand and husk can be separated by the method of winnowing.
(b) For separating stalk from the mixture we should use the winnowing method because stalk is lighter than other two components and get separated. Wheat and sugar can be separated by sieving because they are different in sizes.
(c) Water does not dissolve in petrol. So, it can be separated by the use of separating funnel.
(d) Rice and salt can be separated by sieving.
(e) Sand and salt is mixed with water, salt dissolves in water and sand can be separated from solution by sedimentation and decantation followed by filtration. After that using evaporation common salt can be separated.
Q. Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated solutions.
Ans.
Saturated solution : A solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature.
Unsaturated solution : A solution in which more solute can be dissolved at any temperature.
Q. Differentiate between sedimentation and decantation with a suitable example.
Ans.
Sedimentation is the process by which the heavier components of a mixture settle down.
E.g. when a sand-water mixture is allowed to stand undisturbed for some time and sand settles at the bottom.
Decantation is the process of separating the liquid portion of a mixture when the heavier component settles as sediments at the bottom. In other words, it is the process of moving a liquid from one container to another while leaving the sediments at the bottom alone.
E.g. Sand settles at the bottom of a container when a mixture of sand and water is allowed to stand. The upper portion of the container contains water. This can be separated from the sand at the bottom simply by pouring it into another container without the use of any other separating device. This is referred to as decantation.
Q. How is common salt obtained from sea water?
Ans. Seawater is allowed to fill in shallow pits, then water gets heated by sunlight and changes into water vapour by the process of evaporation leaving behind impure solid salts. Now, the lumps of impure common salt are crushed to get powdered salt. The powdered common salt is dissolved in water to prepare a solution. Then the solution of common salt is filtered to remove insoluble impurities. The clear solution is evaporated by heating to remove the water content to obtain a concentrated solution of common salt. The hot and concentrated solution is allowed to cool. On cooling, crystallization takes place and crystals of pure common salt are obtained.
Q. Describe the method to obtain pure salt from rock salt.
Ans. First, the mixture is crushed and grinded. Water is then added and filtered. Pure salt is collected as filtrate which is heated for evaporation. Water evaporates off and pure salt is left.
Q. What is sieving? Explain how it is done.
Ans. Sieving is a separation method used to separate substances of varying sizes that cannot be separated by handpicking. The difference in the size of the solid particles is the basis for the principle.
Separation Technique :
By passing the mixture through a sieve, large particles are separated from small or finer particles. The sieve is made of wood and has a metal mesh at the bottom. When the mixture is added from the top and the sieve is shaken, then the larger particles remain above and the finer particles collect below.
E.g. Impurities such as husk and stones are removed from wheat before it is ground in a flour mill.
Q. Paheli was feeling thirsty but there was only a pot of water at home which was muddy and unfit for drinking. How do you think Paheli would have made this water fit for drinking if the following materials were available to her.
Ans. She can follow the following steps:
1. Filtration using muslin cloth.
2. Swirl with alum and leave water undisturbed for some time.
3. The clear liquid above the impurities is another container (Decantation).
4. Boil for 10 minutes in covered pan with lid.
5. Cool, filter and now it is fit for drinking.
Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Extra Questions.

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# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Explanation.
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# Class 6 Science Chapter 3 - Value Based Questions :
Q. Some shopkeepers mix many cheap and harmful substances in the food materials. This process is called adulteration. Anybody who are involved in such kind of illegal practices are liable for imprisonment.
(a) Why shopkeepers mix cheap and harmful substances in food materials?
Ans. Shopkeepers add these undesirable substances to increase the quantity of the food materials and thus their profit.
(b) How will you separate impurities from grains and pulses?
Ans. Through handpicking.
(c) What values of shopkeepers are shown here?
Ans. Shopkeepers observing such practices are greedy, self-centered, criminal-minded and soulless.
Q. There were guests at Sonam's house. Sonam thought of making lemonade for them. She dissolved sugar in chilled water and observe that sugar was taking long time to dissolve. Meanwhile, Sonam's mother came and asked her to transfer the upper chilled water in another container and then add water at normal temperature to this sugar settled at bottom. Sonam then found it easy to dissolve the sugar for lemonade.
(a) What is saturated solution?
Ans. A saturated solution is the solution which cannot dissolve any more solute in it at a given temperature.
(b) What is the effect of temperature on the capacity of water in dissolving substances?
Ans. With increase in temperature solubility of a substance increases in water and vice versa.
(c) What will happen if we cool a supersaturated solution?
Ans. When a supersaturated solution is cooled, it form crystals of the salt. This process is known as crystallization.
(d) What value of Sonam is shown here?
Ans. Sonam is a good host, learner, helpful girl.
Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Extra Questions.

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Separation of Substances class 6 mcq
# MCQ Test :
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